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The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of friction on static and dynamic characteristics, as well as the strength and lifetime of a flexible three-axes computer numerical control (CNC) machine tool.

The machine tool is first modeled by using finite element method to analyze static structure with frictionless surface-to-surface contact type. Because the machine tool structure is becoming more and more sophisticated over time, the significant influence of contact conditions between structural elements on the dynamic characteristics of the whole structure must be considered. To examine the dynamic effects caused by inertia forces and displacement of moving bodies on contact stress, the coefficient of friction between two contact bodies is added to perform dynamic simulation and compare the results with the static analysis results.

Distribution of stress and contact forces in solid-flexible contact is also studied by using the fundamental dynamic characteristics of a bushing joint.

Finally, the influence of dynamic structure, cutting conditions and material properties on the strength and lifetime of the CNC machine tool is discussed by using fatigue analysis. Consequently, this research can be used for efficient simulation of structural dynamics, lifetime assessment and interactions of the real CNC machine with the machine tool structure in a virtual environment.